Content+studies

__//Subjects taught and the rigor that accompanied them //__ ==Readin’ and ‘ritten’ and ‘rithmetic, as the song goes, certainly formed the core curriculum of a rural one-room school. Subjects actually taught in the 1860s, while immensely practical, prepared students for coping with life upon graduating from eighth grade. **The schools were generally small, and often several grade levels were taught in the same room. Testing was often oral, and children memorized and recited more often than they wrote. Indeed, there is some evidence that the phrase “toeing the line” relates to the practice of making children stand at a line on the floor when reciting their le** ssons.== =The standard list includes: = ·


 * //Reading //
 * //Penmanship //
 * //Arithmetic //
 * //Spelling //
 * //History //
 * //Physical Education //

Daily Schedule

9:35-945 Opening Exercises: Pledge, song, discussion of “memory gem.” 9:45-10:05 Handwriting: Group activity, copy memory gem in the Copy Book, writing drills 10:05-10:30 Grammar & Spelling: McGuffey’s Spelling Book

10:30-10:45 Recess: Introduction to Outhouse 10:45-11:15 Reading: Assign three levels in the McGuffey readers, role play 11:15-11:30 History: History of the school <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">11:30-12:30 Lunch&Organized Games: Outside, weather permitting <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">12:30-12:40 Storytime <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1:10-1:45 Memory Work: Recite a previously-assigned poem <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1:45-2:00 Summary and Cleanup: A Journal Writing type activity



<span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">During reconstruction, the Freedman's Bureau, missionary societies, and blacks themselves established over 3,000 schools in the South, laying the foundation for public education in the region. Many young men and women who attended freedman's schools became teachers who instructed the next generation. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Under funded and crowded into ill-furnished classrooms, often without blackboards and chalk, African-American students and teachers nevertheless made do with whatever materials were available. African-American children were hungry for an education. Classrooms often contained fifty or more children.

Students in Math class at Carlisle Indian School


 * Sample Daily Routine **

Cushman Indian School

Monday

|| 5:45 A.M.
 * Reveille. ||
 * 5:55 to 6:10 || Setting Up Exercise & Drill. ||
 * 6:12 || Air Beds. ||
 * 6:12 to 6:45 || Recreation. ||
 * 6:45 || First Call for Breakfast. ||
 * 6:55 || Assembly. Roll Call. ||
 * 7:00 || Breakfast. ||
 * 7:30 to 7:35 || Care of teeth. ||
 * 7:35 to 7:40 || Make beds. ||
 * 7:40 to 7:55 || Police Quarters. ||
 * 7:55 || Industrial Call. ||
 * 8:00 || Industrial work begins. School detail at liberty. The use of this period is at pupils' discretion. The more studious at books; those inclined to athletics make use of this time for practice. Some pupils practice music lessons, etc. ||
 * 8:50 || First School Call. Roll Call and Inspection. ||
 * 9:00 || School. ||
 * 11:30 || Recall. Pupils at liberty. ||
 * 11:55 || Assembly and Roll Call. ||
 * 12:00 || Dinner. ||
 * 12:30 || Recreation. ||
 * 12:50 || School and Industrial Call. Inspection. ||
 * 1:00 P.M. || Industrial work and School. ||
 * 3:30 || School dismissed. School detail at liberty. Time spent in same general manner as morning detail utilizes period from 8:00 to 8:50. ||
 * 4:30 || Industrial recall. Drill and Gymnasium classes. ||
 * 5:15 || First Call. ||
 * 5:25 || Assembly. Roll Call. ||
 * 5:30 || Supper. ||
 * 6:00 || Care of teeth. ||
 * 6:10 || Recreation. ||
 * 7:15 || First Call. ||
 * 7:25 || Roll Call. Inspection. ||
 * 7:30 || Lecture. This period varies in length. Men prominent in education or civic affairs address the pupils. ||
 * 8:15 || Call to Quarters. Older pupils prepare lessons; intermediate children play. ||
 * 8:45 || Tattoo. Pupils retire. ||
 * 8:55 || Check. ||